One empirical selection system is. HLB - Hydrophilic-Lipophilic Balance Calculator for Emulsions : Calculate the Total HLB of a mixture of components Enter the % proportion of the component and its HLB value (leave remaining rows as 0) ( The material to be emulsified, if liquid, was blended with the emulsifier at room temperature. Effective detergents are required for the cleaning of production equipment, containers for packing and also in order to maintain hygiene in the industry. HLB-Wert für nichtionische Tenside kann folgendermaßen berechnet werden: = × (−) wobei M l die Molmasse des lipophilen Anteils eines Moleküls ist und M die Molmasse des gesamten Moleküls. What is required HLB? purpose detergent. 3 0 obj Label the variables: (10 20 ) 30?? ), BP303T - Pharmaceutical Microbiology(Question paper 2018)- B Pharmacy 3rd Semester PCI, BP302T - Physical Pharmaceutics I(Question paper 2018)- B Pharmacy 3rd Semester PCI, BP304T - Pharmaceutical Engineering(Question paper 2018)- B Pharmacy 3rd Semester PCI, BP204T - Pathophysiology(Question paper 2018)- B Pharmacy 2nd Semester PCI, BP202T - Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry-I(Question paper 2018)- B Pharmacy 2nd Semester PCI, BP203T - Biochemistry(Question paper 2018)- B Pharmacy 2nd Semester PCI, BPharmacy - Previous Year's Question Papers HK Technical PGIMS, BP301T - Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry II(Question paper 2018)- B Pharmacy 3rd Semester PCI, BP104T - Pharmaceutical Inorganic Chemistry(Question paper 2017)- B Pharmacy 1st Semester PCI, B Pharmacy PCI - previous year's question papers, FIgure: The phenomenon of detergency showing the number of processes. Classification of Detergents 5 Name Description CAS MW (g/mol) CMC Aggregation Number HLB Cloud Point (°C) Average Micellar Weight Anionic Detergents Alkyl Sulfates LDS, Lithium dodecyl sulfate BioReagent, for molecular biology, suitable for electrophoresis, ≥ 98.5% (GC) 2044-56-6 272.33 8.2 mM 62 >100 17,000 Niaproof®4 ~27% in H The HLB value can be used to predict the surfactant properties of a molecule: < 10 : Lipid-soluble (water-insoluble) > 10 : Water-soluble (lipid-insoluble) 1 to 3: anti-foaming agent; 3 to 6: W/O (water in oil) emulsifier; 7 to 9: wetting and spreading agent; 13 to 16: detergent; 8 to 16: O/W (oil in water) emulsifier What are … initial wetting of the dirt from the surface. Detergency is a complex process and a number of steps are simultaneously involved. More often, sable emulsions can be prepared by utilizing a combination of a hydrophilic and a lipophilic surfactant. Thus a 68.32 mixture of span (HLB 4.7) and Tween 20 (HLB 15.0) could be used to yield an emulsifier with an average HLB value of about 8.0. In simple words, it is a numeric classification of surfactants defining the ratio between the hydrophobic and hydrophilic parts. SDS, with an HLB number of 40, is the best solubilizing agent among common detergents. 1 0 obj Wolbers lists HLB values and associated treatment uses: 4-6 Water-in-oil emulsifiers. Most values are outside of the approximate HLB range of HLB = 3–7. A common method for choosing an emulsifier is the Hydrophilic-Lipophilic Balance (HLB) system which uses a scale of 0 to 20 based on their affinity for oil and water. • Measures the degree to which the emulsifier is hydrophilic or lipophilic. It cannot be always realistic. The HLB system neglects the concentration of surfactant required for the optimum stability of emulsions. These are: The HLB requirement for the detergent is about 13 to 16. HLB Balance • HLB stands for Hydrophilic / Lipophilic / Balance. Membranes are commonly solubilized with detergents of HLBs about 15. The HLB is defined by a number that ranges from 0 to 40. You can even use multiple surfactants. 50 / 50 blend of steareth-2 and steareth-21a 50% times the HLB value of the steareth-2 • 0.5 X 4.9= 2.45 50% times the HLB value of the steareth-21 • 0.5 X 15.5= 7.75 13-15 Detergents Detergents with a HLB value in the range 12 to 20 are preferred for non-denaturing solubilization. (90%/100) X 7 = 0.9 X 7 = 6.3 (10%/100) X 15.5 = 0.1 X 15.5 = 1.55 The required HLB of our oil phase is the sum of these numbers or 7.85 In general, an HLB number <10 indicates that a detergent has low solubility in water while an HLB number between 10 and 20 indicates that the detergent is readily soluble in water [17]. HLB Range Use 4-6 W/O emulsifiers 7-9 Wetting agents 8-18 O/W emulsifiers 13-15 Detergents 10-18 Solubilizers These correlations are based on long experience with ICI emulsifiers, and are amazingly accurate, although certain exceptions have been found. It is a value between 0-60 defining the affinity of a surfactant for water or oil. Explain it with flow chart diagram. 5. (HLB) . HLB stands for Hydrophile-Liphophile Balance, and is an assigned scale running from 1-40 describing how strong a surfactant is. 7-9 Wetting agents. This means that a surfactant, or blend of surfactants having an HLB of 10 will generally make a more stable & fluid O/W emulsion with mineral oil than surfactants of any other HLB. What are the various steps involved in detergency. the required HLB of Cetyl Alcohol is 15.5 To calculate the required HLB of the Oil Phase, we multiply the percentage of each oil in the Oil Phase by its respective required HLB and sum the results. Determination of HLB 2.1. Outside the world of ethoxylates, HLB is largely meaningless and valueless. You know that you need the total value of 8.937 of HLB. Therefore, there product quality and yield points of view. Such combinations produce mixed interfacial phases of high surface coverage as well as of sufficient viscosity to prevent creaming. =HZ�kt��Q�c��������C���j�/�n� �%��DFɫ�{Y(ZMS�;a�q��ɏ�X(/)eGd ,�S=�����C��@w���EP�O]���a�rI���$ؽ�0*�s@2��! use surfactants with HLB’s of 7 to 9; making self emulsifying oils use surfactants with HLB’s of 7 to 10; making oil-in-water emulsions use surfactant blends with HLB’s of 8 to16; making detergent solutions use surfactants with HLB’s of 13 to 15; for solubilizing oils ( micro-emulsifying ) into water use surfactant blends with HLB’s of 13 to 18 %PDF-1.5 Tweens, which … Hydrophilic Lipophilic Balance (HLB) Calculations Pharmaceutics Lecture 11.1.07 What is the HLB value of a surfactant system composed of 10g Span 60 (HLB=4.7) and 20g Tween 60 (HLB=14.9)? Surfactants in aqueous solutions are used to remove the dirt from substrates such as glass, fabric, skin etc. • Low HLB emulsifiers are soluble in oil. For example, many surfactants are available with mid-range HLB values (i.e. For example a W/O emulsion of lanolin requires an HLB of about 8.0. Rk>Ȯ:�KU�q��so���z���ճ������ٺ�^�{��$?TZv���Y=U�HN �U7t�SZ�m�XQ59�Q�� The surfactant with a lower HLB has a lipophilic character. �u��d�K�n�7y+ol�� ҷ��A�M��I��F�RQi����i}2w�6�YJ�փJx�W�5��� Making detergent solutions Use surfactants with HLB of 13 to 15; For solubilizing oils (micro-emulsifying ) into water Use surfactant blends with HLBs of 13 to 18; When you read more about HLB, you will come across the terms like Span and Tween. only with the CMC and HLB values. Thus a 68.32 mixture of span (HLB 4.7) and Tween 20 (HLB 15.0) could be used to yield an emulsifier with an average HLB value of about 8.0. Der Faktor 20 ist ein von Griffin frei ausgewählter Skalierungsfaktor. HLB numbers of surfactant blends (nonionic) are surprisingly additive according to the proportions of each surfactant, though the origin of HLB system is empirical. approximately 11) for a wider range oil solubility. The HLB is defined by a number that ranges from 0 to 40 . HLB values of combinations of surfactants A (HLB. • High HLB emulsifiers are soluble in water. In fact, a commercial emulsifier tends to be a mixture of molecules. Though HLB of a surfactant indicates the solubility properties, it is an over-simplification. Generally, a single emulsifier cannot yield the desired type of emulsion. The oil yield ranged from 24.11 to 26.32 %. Write a detailed note on HLB and give its two limitations. With rare exceptions, they always produce oil-in-water (o/w) emulsions. First, recognize the HLB is equivalent to concentration. The HLB value is therefore: HLB = 7 + 19.1 − 8.075 = 18.02. Emulsifiers with low HLB-values are more lipophilic (bind oils), while higher HLB compounds are hydrophilic (bind water). HLB Values of surfactants based on polyhydric alcohol fatty acid esters such as glyceryl monostearate, sorbitan monooleate and polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate may be estimated by the following equation: For material such as beeswax and lanolin derivatives with which it is not possible to obtain good saponification number, the HLB value is estimated by the following. According to this diagram, The higher the HLB number, the more hydrophilic is the surfactant. In most cases, 2.5% to 5% of several emulsifier blends was tried, blended to HLB values 2 units apart in the range from 4 to 18. Spans, which are sorbitan esters, have lipophilic properties and low HLB values (1.8-8.6). ; *���N�\H�c!��3�jy܁%�}�g�2����-Y��(A�!��r\s �2�pڔ�e�z�G���#O�\�%��D��KD\�3��{�!v�p��#�۶DP���c� ;Pd3��GS@��}+A��lX��1�'�E��6$Ze� ��`4�R��F�I Further, the present invention relates to a method of manufacturing the biodegradable detergent composition. Previous years question papers B Pharmacy 1st Semester PCI The course of study for B.Pharm shall extend over a period of ... HLB Scale, Detergency - Surface and Interfacial phenomenon. 20 14 .9 10 4.7 2 2 1 1 Qf g g g Cf Q g C Q g C endobj ��s�_J��y�u� ��\KIC揕A��3*���Y� � 6LX�������/-V3����/��8.j���mi�4 x�͚K�dG���+ri[�|?$�b�6a�a$���Q� ��=�6 �{�yU��c�X�{:��捌8q"�����>��F��d�no������o�|���÷���{���;}�^|r�����/���^�����7|�~��_���'������'��m����~��͗����Km�3?C��Y����W�O_�����7ܿ]����w�o�|���W�{���������Xq�^|��O���w��/^�+VE�2b�.v~I���-�����K��.=g�|XRA1U�����&-��K • The value of HLB ranges from 1- 20. endobj HLB values ranging from 9.6 to 16.7. Determination of HLB by Calculation Calculation of HLB value of surfactant is very important in product quality and yield points of view. It is also possible to combine surfactants with different HLB values. m���!�ے�v��Rjs��I�K9_�|��vy����ȷ>��Ռ����ߖ�ޱ�%��#��_�+s��9,�7j^r�����,5���ֲ1W=\З������%�7�� :R�IN7��u�Mi��l�&��FY�(P8��X��|�.�e�Wd�g��l��t��K�yaiX For example, a simple detergent formula that calls for ten parts NP-9 dissolved into 90 parts water would be improved by the addition of 2 parts NP-6. Anionic surfactants have HLB values generally in the 20–35 range. You can use 50 % of HLB 12 value which is 6 and 50 % of HLB Value 6 which is 3 which equals 9, which is close to your HLB Value or 30 % of HLB 12 (4) + 50 % HLB 10 (5) = 9 For the same oil, the required HLB value for O/W emulsion is. Examples of deter-gents with HLB values between 10 and 40 include: SDS (40), sodium removing the insoluble dirt as deflocculation particles, suspending the particles in the detergent solution, removing the oil soluble materials and convert into emulsion, converting the dirt into foam so as wash easily, Post Comments <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI/Text]>>/MediaBox[ 0 0 960 540]/Contents 4 0 R /Group<>/Tabs/S/StructParents 0>> For material whose hydrophilic region is polyoxyethlene, the HLB value is calculated by the following: In another method for calculating the HLB values, the component groups of the surfactant molecules are assigned group numbers and these are then added to give the HLB value of the surfactant molecules. Determination of HLB by Calculation field of surfactants. 2. ether-esters, and ethers may range from low to high HLB’s, sulphates and sulfonates may range from medium to high. In fact, for most surfactants the HLB value is not even mentioned or mentioned very broadly in a range on the product data sheet. Normally, NP-6 would not be water Why you should ignore HLB. This is simply untrue. In general, emulsifiers with HLB values of 3–6 are lipophilic and best suited for w/o emulsions. Solids were blended with the emulsifier at 10˚C above their necessary melting point. Between 0 and 20, depending on their HLB value, surfactants have variable properties and applications from wetting agents (wetting a powder into an oil for example) to solubilizers (solubilizing a perfume oil into water). The HLB is defined by a number that ranges from 0 to 40. Selection by trial and error is costly and impracticable. Draw HLB scale with values of various surfactants along with examples. The values range from 0 to 20, but some emulsifiers have been shown experimentally to have higher values. Examples of detergents with HLB values between 10 and 40 include: SDS (40), sodium The Lower the HLB number, the more lipophilic is the surfactant. ����k�U�K�?���E!f_� 6��z7H�NPB2RD��N�f��nU��܊�#Qa���t��R�^qXUY���*�}�,ظ���6��ǔ��7)*!�I3_.͇�V6u�*]��i+�� Get Notification of Latest Post on you email: Since several applications are reported, one has to be cautious in the selection of a surfactant. Ethoxylates, however, are a good part of the larger problem because their somewhat rational behaviour has been used as a cover to pretend that the rest of surfactant science can use ethoxylate-based techniques. 11- Detergent binding - Detergents bind strongly to lipids (and proteins). ��ܩ���1RI�� Semi-formulated concentrates, containing multiple surfactant components, can often accommodate the full spectrum of HLB ranges … �X¤43!���!1 x`i/��dū��bsB��CQ[e*�`A�A"� Ƭ���*�i��g�A@��3f�Jچ,�`s��������)P�b�. Detergents with HLBs below 10 are water insoluble. Oils used in the formulation of emulsions require a certain HLB value to be formulated as w/o emulsion or o/w emulsion. <>>> HLB numbers >10 have an affinity for water (hydrophilic) and … Each ingredient has a specifically required HLB in order for it to be emulsified. If you are not redirected to the page Please Click on link given below. HLB numbers are calculated for nonionic surfactants, and these surfactants have numbers ranging from 0-20. 4 0 obj SURFACTAN PROPERTIES BASED ON HLB VALUE The HLB value can be used to predict the surfactant properties of a molecule : A value from 4 - 8 indicates an anti-foaming agent A value from 7 - 11 indicates a W/O (water in oil) emulsifier A value from 12 - 16 indicates O/W (oil in water) emulsifier A value from 11 - 14 indicates a wetting agent A value from 12 - 15 … McCutcheon's contains a table of HLB values. For example, a few excellent detergents have been found in the HLB range 11-13. Atom %���� Excellent detergent and dispersant, good handling properties, higher temperature wetting, listed on CleanGredients™ for US EPA Safer Choice Formulations Agrochemicals, dispersions, high temperature systems TERGITOL™ 15-S-15 No >100 15 4 15 162/36 126/24 29 S High HLB emulsifier and dispersant, provides freeze Commercial Name Chemical Name HLB Value; Glyceryl monostearate: Glyceryl monostearate: 3.8: PEG 400 Monoleate: Polyoxyethylene monooleate: 11.4: PEG 400 Monostearate Exceptions to HLB scale such as sodium lauryl sulphate with an HLB value of 40. Keeping in view of innumerable number of surfactants are available, selecting a right kind or type of surfactant for intended purpose is a difficult task. Because, in general, solubility depends on the nature of solvent, temperature and presence or absence of additives. Spans are sorbitan fatty acid esters having low HLB values ranging from 1.8 to 8.6. In general, an HLB number <10 indicates that a detergent has low solubility in water while an HLB number between 10 and 20 indicates that the detergent is readily soluble in water(17). 8-18 Oil-in-water emulsifiers. In general, an HLB number <10 indicates that a detergent has low solubility in water while an HLB number between 10 and 20 indicates that the detergent is readily soluble in water. higher. �V����b�"Q�E#LS^db�䁶���� V{�c�tİבre̴�V�B�,`LΔ��ƚ� -��/W�Rr2�s}� Enumerate various formulas for calculation HLB values. The biodegradable detergent composition has MALDI-TOF MS spectra in the m/z range from about 513.1 to about 2847.7 with peak mass value range from about 1375.8 m/z to about 2009.2 m/z. Determination of the Required HLB values and Blending of Surfactants. The term surfactants include emulsifiers, wetting agents, suspending agents, detergents, anti-foam Calculation of HLB value of surfactant is very important in compounds and many others [1-5]. Emulsifiers with low HLB values are more oil-soluble (lipophilic), while those with higher values are more water-soluble (hydrophilic). <>stream 10-18 is good for solubilizing other ingredients. • This is a concept for choosing emulsifiers. HLB system provides information regarding the nature of the surfactant used, but the concentration of such surfactant is equally important. Who introduced the HLB concept and define HLB scale? I also have question about HLB value of olive oil. Non-ionic surfactants are available where the molecule contains 10 to more than 100 ethylene oxide moieties. HLB values can be calculated theoretically or may be determined by Important Pathophysiology Notes - B.Pharmacy 2nd Semester, 2020 All important topics of Pathophysiology, B.Pharmacy 2nd Semester ... Dear User, This is redirecting you to your request.
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